ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for treating atrial fibrillation in valve replacement.MethodsFrom November 2008 to June 2009,21 patients underwent the radiofrequency ablation for treating atrial fibrillation in valve replacement.ResultsNo hospital death occurred. During the follow-up, the rate of freedom from atrial fibrillation was 76.2%(14/21), and the rate of restora-tion of sinus rhythm was 76.2% (14/21). No third degree atrio-ventricular block and cerbral infarction were found.ConclusionRadiofrequency ablation during open heart surgery for treating atrial fibrillation is safe and effective.