objective:To analyze the Pro12A1a polymorphism in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorsγ(PPARγ)gene between Gansu Hui and Han population with diabetic.Methods:Our study includes 119 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) of Han population,61 men and 58 women, average age(59.94±11.75),92 controls,45 men and 47 women, average age (58.88±14.46);36 subjects with T2DM of Hui population,20 men and 16 women average age (53.86±15.31),32 controls,18 men and 14 women, average age (51.15±16.19).Blood pressure (BP)、weight、height were measured and Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG)、Fasting Insulin(FINS)、Triglyceride (TG)、Total cholesterol (TC)、High Density Lipoprotein(HDL)、Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)were detected with fasting venous blood. Peripheral blood was prepared and DNA was extracted, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine the genotype of Pro12A1a polymorphism in PPARy gene, to compare the differences of genotype and allele frequencies between these two groups.Results:Age、gender composition、blood pressure in T2DM patients of Han and Hui population were similar as controls, but BMI, FBG, TC、HOMA-IR、TG were higher than controls (P<0.05).Three genotypes and allele frequencies of Pro12A1a polymorphism in T2DM patients of Han population were PP93.3%、PA4.2%、AA2.5%、P95.38%、A4.62%, respectively, the values in controls were PP93.4%、PA3.3%、AA3.3%、P95.11%、A4.89%,respectively.There were no significant statistical differences between T2DM patients and controls(χ2=0.157, P=0.925;χ2=0.017, P=0.897, P>0.05).Three genotypes and allele frequencies of Pro12A1a polymorphism in T2DM patients of Hui population were PP94.4%、PA2.8%、AA2.8%、P95.83%、A4.17%, respectively, the values in controls were PP93.8%、PA3.1%、AA3.1%、P95.31%、A4.69%,no statistical differences were found(χ2=0.015, P=0.993;χ2=0.022, P=0.883; P>0.05).Subjects with PP genotype had higher levels of BM I、FBG、TG than PA genotype in T2DM patients, the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). A allele frequencies of Pro12A1apolymorphism in T2DM patients of Han population and Hui population were 4.62%,4.17% respectively, there were no statistical differences (χ2=0.156, P=0.925;χ2=0.527, P=0.871; P>0.05)Conclusion:type 2 diabetes mellitus and weight gain、insulin resistance、lipid metabolism disorders are closely related, the genotype and allele frequencies of Prol2Ala polymorphism between these two groups were no statistical difference, may be not related with Type 2 diabetes in Gansu Han and Hui population