Objective:To investigate the correlation between body mass index(BMI), percentage of ideal body weight(IBW%), serum total protein(TP), serum albumin (ALB),the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),the arterial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2) in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbations (AECOPD) and differentiation-type of TCM Syndrome. and to help us in diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods:Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbations were differented by adopting the TCM Syndrome Differentiation for three groups, including the Syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lung, the syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the lung, The Symdrome which is combined by the Syndrome of insufficiency of QI of the lung and kidney and the Syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lung. There were 30 patients in each group.Body mass index(BMI), percentage of ideal body weight(IBW%), serum total protein(TP), serum albumin (ALB),the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),the arterial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2) were detected in each person. Then we analysis the relationship between above indicators and TCM Syndrome Differentiation.Results:1. Compared The TCM groups of BMI. It is no statistical significance between the Syndrome of Phlegm-Heat Obstructing the Lung and the Syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the lung (P=0.18), the other groups were significantly different(P=0.000).2. Compared The TCM groups of IBW%. The difference between the Syndrome of Phlegm-Heat Obstructing the Lung and the Syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the lung is of significance in statistics science (P=0.039);the other groups were significantly different(P=0.000).3. Compared The TCM groups of TP.The difference between the Symdrome which is combined by the Syndrome of insufficiency of QI of the lung and kidney and the Syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lung and the Syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the lung is of significance in statistics science(P=0.002);the other groups were significantly different(P=0.000).4. Compared The TCM groups of ALB. The difference between the Symdrome which is combined by the Syndrome of insufficiency of QI of the lung and kidney and the Syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lung and the Syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the lung is of significance in statistics science(P=0.001); the other groups were significantly different(P=0.000).5. Compared The TCM groups of PaO2.Between the Syndrome of phlegm-heat Obstructing the Lung and the Syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the lung, there was statistical difference(P=0.012); Comparison between the Syndrome of phlegm-heat Obstructing the Lung and the Symdrome which is combined by the Syndrome of insufficiency of QI of the lung and kidney and the Syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lung was significant,(P=0.001); Comparison between the Syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the lung and the Symdrome which is combined by the Syndrome of insufficiency of QI of the lung and kidney and the Syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lung, no significant(P=0.340).6.Compared The TCM groups of PaCO2. Comparison between the Syndrome of phlegm-heat Obstructing the Lung and the Syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the lung, there was no statistical difference(P=0.311); Comparison between the Syndrome of phlegm-heat Obstructing the Lung and the Symdrome which is combined by the Syndrome of insufficiency of QI of the lung and kidney and the Syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lung, there was statistical significance(P=0.086); Comparison between the Syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the lung and the Symdrome which is combined by the Syndrome of insufficiency of QI of the lung and kidney and the Syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lung, no significant(P=0.474).Conclusion:1.The testing of these indicators (BMI、IBW%、TP、ALB) can help AECOPD traditional chinese medcine syndrome differentiation.2.PaO2、PaCO2 was not evidently related to AECOPD syndrome differentiation,they may be mainly related to other factors,likes Inflammatory mediators、Lung function.3.At first, the nature of COPD is sthenic syndrome, Location of disease is in lung, then becames to mixture of asthenia and sthenia and in kidney when conditions became worse. This may embody the nutritional index.This study told us to treat disease from the branch and the root.In particular,we should pay more attention to stengthen healthy Qi.