Hydroxyapatite (HA), bearing similar ingredient and crystal structure with the main inorganic component of human hard tissue, demonstrates excellent bio-compatibility, bioactivity and osteoconductive properties.Porous structure is beneficial to nutrient diffusion, metabolite elimination, cell migration and bone ingrowth.The window between the interconnecting pores can act to allow osteoconduction through the porous structure. Unfortunately, the mechanical reliability and slow crack growth resistance of the pure porous HA ceramic is low, and its medical applications are limited to coatings and unloaded implants. Therefore, it is very urgent and important to explore way to improve mechanical strengths of porous HA ceramic.This paper studied the preparation technique of HA fiber for reinforcing homogenous porous ceramic and porous HA ceramic filled with homogenous fiber. HA fiber was prepared via sol-gel technique, using chitin (CT) fiber as the starting precursors, and the optimized process was investigated by cross experiment method. To obtain surface little cracks, HA gel fiber was treated with acetic acid. Porous HA ceramic was prepared by gel-casting, mixed with appropriate amounts of HA gel fiber and pore producer. The ceramic block was slowly dried in the temperature of 50℃.Dried block was slowly heated in the air atmosphere to optimum sintering temperature of 1280℃.In this way, porous HA ceramic filled with HA fiber was obtained.The porosity of porous HA ceramic was measured by gravimetry method.The composition, macro-and micro-porous structures and mechanical properties of the porous HA ceramic were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and compressive test. The experimental results show that:1.N,N-Dimethyl Acetamide, LiCl and chitin were used for preparation of sol-gel systems of spinning fluid blended HA powder to make initial fiber. The optimized technical parameters were gained as follows:the content of HA powder was 10% (w/v); the content of chitin was 0.8%(w/v); the temperature of coagulation bath(distilled water) was 30-50℃,and the clotting time was more than 10s.The concentration of each component of spinning fluid, the size of HA powder, temperature and flow speed of solidification bath influenced the configuration and diameter of fiber. With the increasing concentration of HA powder of mixed slurry, the HA grain agglomerated together. It would affect the fiber performance both when the temperature of coagulation is too high or too low. Even though HA fiber was treated with acetic acid and ultrasonic, the surface crack of fiber wasn’t observed.2. Porous 3-D HA ceramic was prepared by gel-casting, using chitin for carrier.The size and amounts of pore-forming agent influenced the pore morphology, size, distribution and porosity of porous ceramic. SEM showed that porous HA ceramic presented a highly interconnected porous network with average pore size ranging from350μm to 600μm. The average window size varied from 60μm to 190μm.Pore diameter obtained was tractable controllable. The total porous volume was varied from 61% to 83%. The mechanical strength of matrix decreased with the increasing of porosity. When the porosity of porous ceramic increased to 80%, the compressive strength was less than 1MPa.The maximum compressive strength of porous HA ceramic was 3.4MPa.3. The size of porous ceramic filled with HA fiber shrinked in the range of 35-40%, while the number was 55-60%when unfilled. SEM showed that pore size of porous ceramic was distributed in the range of 347-443μm. The average window size varied from 102μm to 118μm.The total porous volume was over 60%. The amounts of pore-forming agent influenced the porosity of porous ceramic.The addition of a little amounts of HA fiber didn’t reduce the porosity of the porous ceramic, on the contrary, it increased the size of interconnected pores. There was no separation between HA fibers and matrix interface. Chemical bonds existed in interfaces, which increased the mechanical properties of HA ceramics.The porous ceramic filled with HA fiber actualized strength enhancing at certain porosity.The maximum compressive strength of porous ceramic was about 5MPa.The method suits for preparation of porous HA ceramic with porosity of less than 80%, and should not be mixed with more gel fiber.